Hydraulic valve.



No. 663,727. Patented Doe. II, I900. J. CHRISTIE &. W. B. HUGHES.

HYDRAULIC VALVE.

Application filed Dec. 27, 1897.)

(No Model.)

2 Sheets-Sheet l.

THE NORRIS PETERS uonmorouwcq WASHINGTON, D. c.

No. 663,727. Patented [1 00. I900.

' J. CHRISTIE & w. B. HUGHES.

HYDRAULIC VALVE. (Appliatlion filed Dec; 27. 1897. (No Model.) 2Sheets-Sheet 2.

FIQB.

NITED STATES ATEN'T rerun.

JAMES CHRISTIE AND WILLIAM B. HUGHES, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

HYDRAULIC VALVE;

smmcmom forming part of Letters Patent No. 663,727, dated becembe'r 1 1,reoo. Application filed December 27, 1897. Serial No. 663,645. (Nomodel.)

To all whom it may concern.-

I Be it known that we, JAMES CHRISTIE and WILLIAM B. HUGHES, citizens ofthe United States, and residents of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, haveinvented certain Improvements in Hydraulic Valves, of which thefollowing is a specification.

Our invention relates to valves for governing the flow of fluid underhigh pressure-- such,forinstance,as the hydraulic valves used forcontrolling the operation of punching, riveting, and like machines; theobjects of our invention being to facilitate the operation of suchvalves to insure a rapid flow of fluid from the machine to be operatedand to simplify the construction of the valve by rendering it possible,when desired, to dispense with peripheral packings on the valve-diskswhich control such flow. These objects we attain in the mannerhereinafter set forth,

reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is alongitudinal sectional view of a valve constructed in accordance withour invention. Fig. 2 is a similar view on a smaller scale, but showingthe movable portion of the valve in a different position, and showingalso a supplementary valve whereby the operation of the main valve isgoverned; and Fig. 3 is a view illustrating a modification of theinvention.

A is the valve-casing; a, an inlet-pipe for fluid under pressure; B,achamber connected to a passage b, leading to the cylinder of themachine to be operated; C, a chamber connected to the exhaust-passage,(shown by dotted lines,) and a, another inlet-pipe for fluid underpressure.

E is a bushing adapted to the casing A, and in this bushing are a seriesof ports b c, communicating, respectively, with the chambers B and G,the upper portion of the bushing being somewhat larger in diameter thanthe lower portion, as shown, and being reduced in diameter at thecenter, so as to form a seat e.

E is a block mounted below the bushingstance by bolts a*, while the pipeor is secured to the casing by a ring A and bolts a and the pipe at issecured to the cap A by a ring A and bolts a packing being introducedbetween the several parts, as indicated in the drawings, so as toprevent leakage.

D is a piston having three disks d cl.d and a connectingneck (Z thedisks cl d and the neck d being in the present instance made in onepiece and the disk 61 being in two pieces (1 d?, between which is asuitable packing. The section 01 screwed onto a stem cl of the neck dand thus the section d is confined between the section d and a flange don the neck.

It will be noticed that the surface of the disk d of the piston D has agreater area than the combined area of the disks d d, and when the valveis closed against pressure, as shown in Fig. 1 of the drawings, the areaexposed to the passage e is very much less than the area of the disk d,'which is exposed to the fluid under pressure admitted through the pipea, sothat when pressure is. applied through the pipe of the valve will.remain closed, the flow of fluid through the pipe a will be cut off, andthe cylinder of the machine will be open to the exhaust, even if thepressure of the fluid admitted through the pipe Ct is considerably lessthan the pressure of that admitted through the pipe at.

In operating the machine we use a threeway valve X of any desiredconstruction, which is connected to the pipe 0L, so as to either permitfluid under pressure to be admitted to the valve-chest above the disk dof the piston or to open an exhaust, so as to relieve said disk d frompressure.

When it is desired to admit fluid under pressure to the cylinder of amachine to which the valve is connected, the three-way valve is turnedso as to open the chamber above the disk (1 to the exhaust, and themoment this is done the pressure of the fluid in the pipe ct will forcethe disk d from the seat 6 and the disk d will be carried past theportsb and will finally close against the seat 6, thereby cutting offcommunication between the chamber B and the eXhaustc-hamber (J, and atthe same time opening up the lower portions of the ports I) to theinlet-passage a,

as shown in Fig. 2, so that fluid under pressure will flow from the pipeat through the ports b, chamber 13, and passage 17 to the cylinder ofthe machine, the flow being less in volume than the full capacity of theports, as experience-shows that the admission-ports can be much smallerthan the exhaust ports, admission being under high pressure while theexhaust is not.

When it is desired to withdraw the pressure, the three-way valve ismoved so as to admit fluid under pressure through the pipe a to thespace above the disk CF, and as the area of this disk is greater thanthe combined area of the two disks (1 dthe piston D will be movedimmediately to the position shown in Fig. 1, thereby closing theinlet-opening e and fullyopening the ports I) to the exhaust, so thatthe fluid under pressure in the cylinder of the machine will flowquickly therefrom, hence insuring a quick return of the plunger of themachine which is being actuated.

As a seat is provided for the end of the disk (1' when the latter isadjusted so as to cut off the inflow and also for the end of the disk dwhen the latter is adjusted so as to cut 01f flow to the exhaust,peripheral packing-rings on these disks are rendered unnecessary,thereby overcoming the objection to such rings when they are caused totraverse a slotted portion of the valve-chest.

The disk d may, if desired, be dispensed with and the inlet controlleddirectly by the disk (1, the latter in this case closing against a seata, formed on the inner face of the block E, as shown in Fig. 3.

Having thus described our invention, we claim and desire to secure byLetters Patent- 1. A valve having a ported casing through which themotive fluid flows to and from the point of use, an inlet-passage withsurrounding seat on one side of said ported portion of the casing, andan exhaust-passage with surrounding seat on theother side of the same,and a piston structure having a disk portion which fits snugly to theported casing and has ends which bear upon said seats alternately, saiddisk hearing such relation to the ports of the casin g that it willclose communication between said ports and the exhaust-passage beforeopening communication between said ports and the inlet-passage,substantially as specified.

2. A valve having a ported casing through which the motive fluid flowsto and from the point of use, an inlet-passage with surrounding seat onone side of said ported portion of the casing, and an exhaust-passagewith surrounding seat on the other side of the same, a piston structurehavinga disk portion which fits snugly to the ported casing and has endswhich bear upon said seat alternately, said disk being so disposed inrespect to the ports of the casing that it will close communicationbetween said ports and the exhaust-passage was before openingcommunication between said ports and the inlet-passage, and said pistonhaving another disk of greater diameter than that which controls saidports, said disk being contained within a cylinder combined with meanswhereby the disk may be alternately subjected to and released frompressure in order to effect movement of the piston, substantially asspecified.

3. A valve having a ported casing through which the motive fluid flowsto and from the point of use, an inletpassage with surrounding seat onone side of said ported portion of the casing, and an exhaust-passage oflarger area than the inlet-passage and also having a surrounding seat onthe other side of said ported portion of the casing, and a pistonstructure having a disk fitting snugly to said ported portion of thecasing, and adapted to bear at o-neend against the seat of theexhaustpassage and having at the other end a projection adapted to bearagainst the seat of the inlet-passage, said disk being so disposed inrespect to the ports of the casing that it will close communicationbetween said ports and the exhaust-passage before opening communicationbetween said ports and-the-inlet-passage, substantially asspecified.

4-. A valve having a ported casing through which the motive fluid flowsto and from the point of use, an inlet-passage with surrounding seat onone side of said ported portion of the casing and an exhaust-passage oflarger area than the inlet-passage and also having a surrounding seat onthe other side of the ported portion of the casing, a piston structurehaving a disk adapted to bear atone end against the seat of theexhaust-passage and having at the other end a projection adapted toclose against the seat of the inlet-passage, said disk fitting snugly tothe ported portion of the casing and being so disposed in respect tosaid-portsthat it will close communication between the same and theexhaust-passage before opening communication between said ports and theinlet-passage, a disk of larger diameter than the port-controlling disksecured to said piston. structure, and a cylinder containing said largerdisk and combined with means for alternately subjecting said disk to andreleasing it from pressure in order to eflect movement of the piston,substantially as specified.

5. A valve having a ported casing through which the motive fluid flowsto and from the point of use, a piston having a disk which moves acrosssaid ported portion of the casing and opens the same alternately topressure and exhaust, and provision for limiting the movement of saidpiston, whereby the ports are only partially uncovered to pressure, butare fully uncovered to exhaust, substantially as specified.

team

the casing and an exhaust-passage with surrounding seat on the otherside of the same, and a piston structure having a disk portion whichmoves across said ported portion of the casing, one end of said diskportion being adapted to close against the seat surrounding theinlet-passage and the other end being adapted to close against the seatsurrounding the exhaust-passage and said seats being so disposedthatwhen the inlet-passage is open the disk will only partially uncoverthe ports of the casing but when the exhaustpassage is open will fullyuncover said ports, substantially as specified.

7. The combination of the valve casing havinga main inlet-pipe for fluidunder pressure, and a supplementary inletpipe with three-way valvetherein, a ported chamber communicating with the point of use of thefluid, an exhaust-chamber and a piston having three disks of differentdiameters, the smallest being adapted to close the opening of the maininlet-passage, the intermediate disk being adapted to close the openinglead ing to the exhaust-passage, and the largest disk being contained inthe chamber to and from which the flow of motive fluid is governed bythe three-way valve, all of said disks fitting snugly to theirrespective portions of the casing, and the intermediate disk being sodisposed in respect to the ports ofits chamber that it will closecommunication between said ports and the exhaust-passage before it openscommunication between said ports and the inlet-passage, substantially asspecified.

In testimony whereof We have signed our names to this specification inthe presence of two subscribing witnesses.

Witnesses:

WILL. A. BARR, J 0s. H. KLEIN.

